Unit+7

=Unit 7:= =﻿Chapter 27: The Global Crisis, 1921-1941:=
 * This era was about Global Affairs
 * Diplomacy

FDR's Choices for Foreign Policy:

 * Isolationism: It is to stay isolated and worry about domestic issues. Focus on Domestic (more democratic).
 * Imperialism: Influencing other nations to increase own power (more republican).
 * Internationalism: Doing things/involvement with other countries. Being an international player and/or being involved with international decisions.
 * Neutrality Act: America declares nuetrality when other countries were expanding their domain.
 * FDR = supporter of the League of Nations
 * During his reign FDR let the issue of Foreign Debt that other countries owned the US to slide. He also forbid banks from loaning to other countries so they can loan back the debt.
 * FDR lowered the tariffs that Hoover’s adminstration has made.

Chapter 27: Preview of the Conclusion of the Chapter:

 * The country = becoming more involved w/ foreign affaris.


 * Internationalism leads the way when Nuetrality becomes abandoned
 * WWII breaks out, and US stays nuetral in the war
 * FDR elected into a third term (1st to ever do it)
 * Germany becomes stronger and starts attacking Europe
 * France falls to Germany
 * Germany invades the USSR
 * Tensions in European countries
 * Tensions between the US and Japan
 * Pearl Harbor becomes bombarded by the Japanese
 * The US enters the war with full steam and anger. (Helps the Allied forces)

Chapter 28 Main Ideas (pgs. 740-756):

 * Containing the Japanese:

> || The attack on Pearl Harbor marked the entrance of the US into the War || on ahead and fight the German offensives on North African soil, so that they can stop their spread, and make it easier to invade Europe. Britain and the US successfully stopped the German advance in North Africa, and the Soviet Union stopped Hitler in Stalingard, but all in all, the war was successful > || This image shows the allied forces in their attempt to destroy Hitler and the Nazis. || ss national product
 * The Japanese offensives were becomingvery successful when the US entered the war, but with two different tactics that planned to later invade Japan itself, the US went into the war, and won some key early battles. On 1943, the US won over Guadalcanal, and shifted the advance of the Japanese to the South as a close.
 * Holding off the Germans: Torn between the request of the Soviet Union, and Britain, Roosevelt decided to go
 * [[image:http://www.britannica.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/peralharbor.jpg caption="The attack on Pearl Harbor marked the entrance of the US into the War"]] ||
 * America and the Holocaust: The United States refused to take part in the liberation of the unfortunate jews that were destroyed in the Holocaust. In almost any shape or form the United States refused to shelter jews, refused to bomb concentration camps, and refused to do almost any thing to help the Jews except to fight in the war.
 * Prosperity: The United States recieved a boom in its economy larger than they had ever seen in the past decade. Money was pumping each year, and it had reached 100 billion dollars by 1945. This iis largey because of the soar of the gro
 * [[image:http://metaldetectingworld.com/ww2_military_relics/russian_poster_5.jpg caption="This image shows the allied forces in their attempt to destroy Hitler and the Nazis."]] ||
 * The War and the West: The west coast had a major boom during the war, particularly because most of the offensives in the war relied on naval power, and that came from the west. Ten percent of the federal money spent went to California alone, and the west became the leading American aircraft industry.
 * Labor and the War: There was major importance for labor in the war. There were seven million unemployed people looking for jobs at the time. People poured into the millitary, and even requested union memberships after new positions were allowed. The unions though had to give up economic gains during the war.
 * Wartime technology: WWII was the most important time for science development and technology. The United States was recieving new advancements in technology. They used the mass production and the assembly line for military use. They created the radar and the sonar, advanced aircraft technology, and also improving bombs. They also had code-breaking units.
 * African Americans: African Americans were as always segregated during the war, but traditional practice of limiting blacks was important because the US needed bodies in the war. Integration was starting between the two different races, but also major tensions that weren't resolved until years after the war.
 * Native Americans:
 * Worked as code-breakers with the ability to use their language as a code. Increased opportunities with them. Major contact with white people that wasn't really there before.

The Cold War Begins:.
===﻿ The (US, Capitalism & Democracy) vs. (USSR, Capitalism & Dictatorship) ===

major political conflict between European countries
 * competition for world supremacy after WWII
 * There ideas with what they should do with the rest of the world opposed each other
 * The United States kept the atomic bomb from the USSR and they didn't share it with them during the war


 * Democracy: A government that is run by the people. A form of government in which the people elect leaders that support their views or representatives that elect leaders for them. The ability to choose who should rule them and have a say in the decisions of the government.**

Democracy in the United States is practiced as a representative democracy. The people of the United States have the power to elect representatives who can represent their beliefs.


 * Capitalism: Capitalism is when economic production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is run by private organizations and institutions. Private companies hold the power to invest and own the wealth gained by these actions.**

The United States practices a capitalist economy, but with few government modifications.

Dictatorship: It is when a country, government, or world power is forcibly ruled by one person as the supreme ruler and as a totalitarian. This is usually marked with harsh rule, and people being denied the right to a say in the government.

Joesph Stalin was the dictator of the USSR. He becmae the leader after communism was put into place.

Communism: A social organization in which all economic and social activity are controlled by the power of the government. Actual ownership is prescribed to the government.

Communism also comes with a sort of limited type of freedom. Their was only one party.

===**The Cold War:** The Cold War was referred to as "Cold" because it was a war with little or less frequent violence. It was more of a war of ideas, influence, government, economic systems, science, arms race, and the race to space.===


 * President Truman gets elected in 1945.
 * In 1946 - Midterm elections --> Republicans take both houses, and are anti-Truman and more conservative
 * In 1948 - President Truman gets reelected
 * Democrats take both Congress and pass some of the Fair Deal proposals.

Where the Cold War meets domestic policy:

 * Red Scare:** By 1950, there was so much internal communist subversion that it caused relative hysteria. People became attracted to the idea of a communist conspiracy.
 * House Unamerican Activities Commitee (HUAC):** It was a committee created in 1947 that publicized investigations to show that the government under Democratic Rule, had tolerated communist conversion.


 * Alger Hiss:** A high ranking member of the state department was blamed by Whittaker Chambers to have sent classified documents through him to the Soviet Union

This Day in History:
On March 22, 1947; President Harry S. Truman issues an executive decree establishing a sweeping loyalty of federal employees who needed to demonstrate complete and unswerving loyalty to the United States.


 * Dwight D. Eisenhower Video:**
 * He was loved by many people
 * Republican; President #34
 * He is famous for his decision on invading during DDay.
 * Dwight D. Eisenhower ended the Korean War (one of his first major accomplishment as a President)
 * He downsized the military, spent less on national defense, and focused more on quality of life
 * In 1954, segregation was banned in all schools based on a Supreme Court Decision.
 * Believed that at this time, the United States wasn't ready for desegregation of all blacks (southerners especially weren't ready)
 * Eisenhower supported the Southern part of Vietnam, and sent more money to them instead of helping the communists.
 * //Sputnik//, a Soviet satellite was launched. The United States was hysterical for losing the space race, and worked to find a way to launch their first satellite.
 * Eisenhower's second term was harder, he suffered a heart attack
 * Fidel Castro takes power in Cuba, and he loses Cuba because it becomes a Communist Nation.
 * In his final address, Eisenhower says that peace is most important, and war should come as a last resort.
 * John F. Kennedy becomes the next president and his campaign is to focus on the youth.
 * He is the youngest person to ever become president.
 * He launches a spaceship, and the US becomes the first nation to land a man on the moon.