Unit+2

= **﻿ ﻿Unit 2 Work:** =

Federalists vs Anti-Federalists vs Republicans:
media type="custom" key="7170269" **Chapter 6 Questions:** **Demographics:** The characteristics of a certain population or a group of people.

Chapter 7 Preview & Data Collection:

 * 1789 MA public schools admit females
 * 1793- Eli Whitney developes the cotton wheel.
 * 1800- US Capital moved to Washington D.C.
 * 1800- increase in college interest and degree
 * 1806, 1823- Noah Webster creates one of the first dictionaries of the English language
 * First showing of Nationalism and national culture

Marbury v. Madison

 * John Adams was the "lame duck" president.
 * He was losing about to step down from office to Thomas Jefferson.
 * He decides to appoint as many Federalists into jobs and commissions as much as he can. "Midnight appoinments."
 * John Marshall doesn't finish the job of appointing these "appointments."
 * Thomas Jefferson gets presidency job with James Madison as the secretaryof state.
 * Marbury goes to gets his job, but he was one of the "unfinished appointments."
 * Tells James Madison that he wants his job, but Madison refuses because John Adams isn't the President anymore.
 * Marbury sues Madison for not giving him his job.
 * The Supreme Court now gets the case. John Marshall is now the Chief Justice.
 * Take the case on and they say that Marbury had the right to the Comission, but they don't have the power to enforce it.

The important reasons behind all this is that the Judiciary Branch interprets the law. They decide whether some law is constitutional or unconstitutional. If the law is unconstitutional, then it is ruled as null and void. The Supreme Court has no power to enforce any law. That is the power of the Executive Branch. They only null unconsitutional laws.


 * Chapter 7 Questions:**

media type="custom" key="7264501"
 * 1790's to 1809 Table of Events:**
 * Thomas Jefferson Glog:**


 * Chapter 8 Q****uestions:**


 * Constitution Project:**


 * Where Historians Disagree-(pg. 236-237)**

=Jacksonian America:= Overall: Decentralization of power in an anti-elite "mission." He wanted to take out the wealthy aristocrats, and give the regualar people more power. People like farmers and artisans were his supporters. He also had some contradictory methods to get what he wanted. The spoil system for example, didn't really show his idea of opportunity, and fairness. = = =
 * "Era of the Common Man" : He supported the people, and wanted regular working class as his supporters. People followed him because he gave more equality and oppurtunity to vote. Also, they had more economic oppurtunities.
 * The Removal of the National Bank. He believed that it was a corrupt and biased banking economy.
 * Migration Westward. During this time, people believed that they should occupy all the land. Jackson got rid of the Indians by making them walk westward to present day Oaklahoma. (Indian Removal).
 * Party politics. The second party system. (The developement of the Whigs, under John C. Calhoun, Daniel Webster, and Henry Clay.)
 * Deomcracy, Democratization, the Democratic Party.
 * The "Spoil System": Jackson wanted to remove the elites from office, and reward his supporter, by putting them in that position.
 * He had the idea of a strong executive and he created one.

=

Economy:
A system of production, distribution, and consumption. The idea of managing wealth through manufacturing, trade, etc. to enable a country a profit and a maximum wealth level.

=__Capitalism In America:__=
 * Capitalism is when a nation or a county deals with wealth through private institutions and corporations. (A major part of Capitalism depends on competition and another major part depends on cooperation of responsabilities.
 * The production and distribution of wealth, cash, money, gold value, and so on.
 * The United States runs on Free Market Capitalism.
 * Not all of the US is capimtalist becuase like the Jeffersonian Era, there was a National Bank in which the government dealt with the distribution and storage of wealth. At that time there was also state banks. The government also has some control on the economy of the nation.
 * Beginning in 1990s, the federal government began to take more roles in the government. They built infastructure, and banking policies.
 * Everything works out in Capitalism. "The invisible hand."

__**Capitalism-**__ An economic system based on capital ( money and property (goods that have value)) - individuals and privately owned companies control the capital - they control the means of production - goods needed to make things. System based on competition and also on cooperation. __**American Economy:**__ America does not practice pure capitalism - in America, the government **__is__** involved in the economy. The government sets rules and regulations for businesses and industries - ex: monopolies are illegal.
 * Companies in the same industry don't cooperate with each other
 * CVS and Walgreens don't cooperate with each other.
 * They are both part of the pharmcy industry.
 * Companies with different industry don't cooperate with each other.
 * Walgreens cooperates with Pepsi, to sell their products.
 * Companies in the same industry tend to compete against one another for more profit.
 * Companies are on and off.
 * They can sometimes declare bankruptcy when other companies take control.
 * Blockbuster declared bankruptcy because netflix is taking over.
 * They are still in business though
 * They have capital, and some credit.
 * businesses are all about maximizing profites and their market share.

This relates to the American economy because it is capitalist economy, but the American economy has little government intervention. In a way the American government follows this rule.. It is also called "let do" or "let it be" or "leave it alone." Governments try to figure how much to produce things through the demands there are out there. __**Two Types of Companies:**__
 * Laissez Faire:** An economic system in which the government associated with their economy should intervene as little as possible.
 * Invisible Hand:** This is the idea or belief that the economic market regulates itself. Everything works itself out in the economy through self-interest, competition, supply, and demand.
 * Franchise: Where governments are so big that they can let people open up their own government. These people have to follow a general set of rules in which they pay annualy to the "Mcdonalds Headquarters."
 * Ex: George opens up his own Mcdonalds. He has to sign a contract, follow rules, and pay annually to McDonalds.
 * Chains: Private companies that can open up more than one shop, but not anyone can open up.
 * Pisa Pizza can open up more shops around Massachussetts, but George can't open up a Pisa Pizza.


 * In America - What else does the government do in the economy?**
 * Regulates(oversees and makes rules for) businesses and industries
 * Taxes
 * Creates jobs - government workers, public employees (firefighters, teachers, etc.)
 * Controls currency
 * Funding schools, infrastructure (parks, roads, etc.)
 * Controls/monitors currency
 * Welfare- "Help people that need help." food stamps, subsidized housing, free and reduced lunch programs, medicare (health care for elderly), medicaid (health care for the poor), Social Security (Government run retirement program, pensions (started in 1933: Make people retire at 65 or so younger people can get more jobs. These people get money from other people's paychecks.))
 * __Elements /Entities/Actors of the American Capitalist Economy:__**
 * private businesses - manufacturing, sales, services (entrepeneurs)
 * consumers
 * the government
 * investors - stock holders, venture capitalists
 * workers/unions
 * banks
 * schools (education taught to go into business)


 * So the American Economic system is not pure, laissez faire capitalism. America has a "semi-vidible" hand.**
 * The American Economy is called a MIXED ECONOMY, elements of free-market capitalism and elements of socialism - such as the government programs like welfare, social security, etc - some call it Welfare Capitalism.**


 * **Consistent question of American History- How much should the government be involved in the economy?**
 * Enough for the nations to run effectively, and not enough to completely ruin the ideas of Laissez Faire and the invisible hand.


 * My Opinion of all this:**
 * I believe in this American economic program.
 * trade is important
 * the poor
 * welfare for the people, should be kept up and running.
 * A pure government program ruins the benefits of having different companies that are run privately. ( There wouldn't be different classes, the idea of really rich isn't really present.
 * The idea of a MIXED ECONOMY is a great one if used right.
 * Government can control the Economic program. The idea of no monopolies is great because it brings competition.
 * Taxes to fund the nation is great in finding wealth to keep a country together.
 * Helping the poor is an important concept, because it keep less people from being homeless, without health care, and keeps the nation in more order.
 * This idea of economy is organized, and great. A pure capitalist program does not have all of these benefits and neither does a pure government run program.